-
예방의학-豫防醫學: 질병 예방을 위하여 건강증진과 생활환경개선 등을 목적으로 하는 의학. [네이버 지식백과] 예방의학 [豫防醫學] (한국민족문화대백과, 한국학중앙연구원) 주로 신체적·정.. http://t.co/mxf41NZQLbblog.daum.net
질병 예방을 위하여 건강증진과 생활환경개선 등을 목적으로 하는 의학. [네이버 지식백과] 예방의학 [豫防醫學] (한국민족문화대백과, 한국학중앙연구원) 주로 신체적·정신적·사회적 질환 및 상해에 관심을 두고 있는 의학을 말한다. 일반의학이 아픈 자와 상 -
Preventive Medicine
Primarily physical, mental and social disorders and injuries are concerned Medicine says. General medicine to treat a sick person and injuries to characters on the other hand, the main purpose of the purpose of preventive medicine in the prevention and also in terms of individual-oriented group-oriented public health and personality to otherwise.
Prevention is only one car, two cars, three divided, primary prevention of disease or injury that occurs before the block says. For example, vaccination against infectious diseases and dangerous industrial equipment to provide safety equipment to workers, and can point to itgetda.
For secondary prevention, early diagnosis and intervention are talking about is to prevent the situation getting worse. Tertiary prevention through monitoring and maintenance to minimize complications for the disease means.
Methods of prevention and environmental sanitation projects to promote behavior change, vaccination, nutrition, food, genetic factors and their biological methods for the hygiene, meticulous health care and the like. Avoiding disease health efforts to promote human history began with.
According to Greek mythology, the son of Apollo, the god of almighty ahseukeulrepiohseu (Aesculapius) is the god of medicine, and his daughter hwigeyi Oh (Hygeia) is the god of health. Today, the high camp hygiene (hygiene) milk, which is called here as well, and in the second century BC, the Italian medical scientists Gallen is known for using this word.
Hippocrates (Hippocrates) Connect the disease, and the environment is known as the first person I thought sikyeoseo. His opinion was extremely accurate, the dynamics of today (疫 学 的) greatly influenced the mindset is yeokryeok trail.
He is operating correctly, the first medicine to the season and the impact area should consider the uniqueness of the town when you are creating a defense (方位) · Wind, Sunset need to think and be used (使用 水) should be taken as for argued.
In ancient Egypt, this drainage and irrigation gugeo (沟渠) · Islands · suyuk check store (兽肉 检查) how clean the house was, body hygiene (身体 摄生 法) is said to have been carried out, etc..
In ancient India, food, clothing, tile (起 卧) · Bath & Body exercising, there was provision for clean, orderly and sanitary living their yearly recurring epidemics to know that prevention is the best.
Water Supply and mokyokjang The facility was built by the city of the dead were forbidden burial or incineration. Come to the Middle Ages in Italy, the provisions of the notable.
In other words, inchuk (人畜) following the decay of dead air and dirty water to avoid the spread of Removal, Clean Water Act, the Food Sanitation Act, city, such as the enactment of the law, building a record Sanitation (古 记录) can be found at:
Means of prevention of the late Middle Ages that the quarantine regulations (防疫 规定) have. Overcrowded housing, mining (采光), ventilation unsafe houses, the narrow side, poor drainage, poor drinking water, unsanitary and more regulatory bodies are buried. Significantly the development of this field, one is from the end of the 18th century.
The Industrial Revolution started in the UK across Europe will spread quickly overwhelmed the ancient craft and factory, which is centered around the development of cities and rural population influx as workers in the city was established capitalist economic society.
The rapid development of the city, groups of workers unsanitary living, the development of transport, such as the prevalence of the epidemic, a serious threat against promote health sikyeotgo was granted. In these circumstances, sanitary facilities or rules made rapidly.
In 1866 from the University of Munich, Germany, Peten Copper (Pettenkofer, MV) was established for the first time by the Department of Hygiene. His other areas of medicine, the study of hygiene, as was done in most laboratories.
At the end of the 19th century, this relationship yireuja his experiments hygiene (实验 卫生 学) diatribe about the impracticality controversy arose and the labor needed to protect the public and to target new areas of the rank was even born.
Following the Munich University of Leipzig (1868), Tübingen (1883), Berlin (1885) and many hygiene lecture was opened. In the United Kingdom, with the rapid development of industrial scale plant is being built by focusing on a number of city workers, life becomes unsanitary health was greatly threatened.
Meanwhile, statistical methods have been introduced in the medical morbidity in urban and rural areas (罹患率: the percentage of people who are sick), the difference in mortality is noted, and the results, water supply, drainage facilities developed several health facilities thereby was maintenance.
1842 workers in the plant health supervision and excessive density housing, land and water pollution, and other harmful conditions for the removal of the Commission was established. The development of preventive medicine by the discovery of microbes had a breakthrough was electric.
By microorganisms that cause infectious disease found that the sterilization method as well as Jim yiradeunji, food safety management, including the development of a vaccine in the late 19th century until the early 20th century, was progress.
I accept the disease organisms scientifically proven first one Pasteur (Pasteur, L.) by the preventive medicine is a safe new electricity. Health reform movement, thanks to the development of bacteriology and mortality in countries in the early 20th century yireuja dropped significantly. However, issues such as maternal and child health and tuberculosis, two had low income almost did not address many health issues.
This trend came in the 20th century began to appear more prominently. Malnutrition in low-income, poor environmental conditions, such as high mortality rate of pregnant women in all the countries of the West, was characterized. Measures such things as child health, maternal and child health, such as school meals was in earnest.
On the other hand, came in the late 19th century and 20th centuries significantly developed the field of preventive medicine and nutrition science major change of emphasis, can be found in the development of occupational health.
Carbohydrate nutritional science with the development of three nutrients, protein, fat, vitamins, mineral salts in addition to the configuration and maintenance of biological and be found to be essential, such as rickets, scurvy, and learned that they were formed in the absence of.
Knowledge of preventive medicine in our country is estimated to have been from ancient times. «Three Kingdoms» wiseo (魏书) East earlier (东夷 传), the "grant (扶余) the lion (死者) is in (人) live (杀) the sunjang (殉葬) is. Or after the afternoon session (厚葬) is a customs. Yes (濊) of the arc (虎) god (神) and four (祠) is "the thing looks,« Spring and Autumn »LAD (左传)" in the dawn (东夷) customs of the human (人身) and symbiotic (供 牲) that jepung (祭 风) have. "that was described.
Sunjang and customs of the afternoon session on the post akjeong (恶 精) that the fear of invasion in the human body, and self-defense (虎 神) and four (祠) that the wild horyeong (虎 灵) in the body to break the power of borrowing akjeong prevent or building (驱逐) would want to, human commensal jepung the yosin (妖 神) akjeong the yuan as applied to avoid that because the disease is believed to be due to the akjeong. But besides akjeong expected (秽气) · devious (恶毒) to the cause of the disease seems to have guessed that.
In other words, before Cha Dong "Yes (濊) the gihwi (忌讳) is the (多) died of the disease as soon gutaek (旧宅) sintaek abandoned again (新 宅) and Joe (造) is," he was «block style» four previous (四夷 传) "in the lion (死者) the jeukil (卽 日) yajang soon (野 葬) is." was high.
The lion is an old house, which is intended to avoid the ghost of a lion can be seen, but, on the other hand, living in the living room by a lion, occurred in such diseases that can be spread fear, and also to the body soon yajang from the experience of the subject yedok (秽 毒), which can be caused by the disease may want to have had the meaning you want to avoid.
More than spirits (精灵) that are associated with, and the other hand «Three Kingdoms» wiseo East "before granting the military (军事) there is a memorial in the sky and killing a cow hooves seen fingering point to bad luck, bake the year (解) is the sum of the gilhada ugly "is called" the holy example (星宿) after the (候) that the effect (爻) the pre-Yonsei (年岁) of the punghyung (豊 凶) know, "he is recorded which, by praying to the sky to avoid the disease that is related to think that.
Usedom occult (牛蹄 占 术) is applied to determine the prognosis of the disease is doeeoteurira the bulletin (朱 辅) of the «gyeman chongso 溪 蛮 丛 笑» to "dongjung (洞中) military game (军事 胜负) and disease Prayer (疾病 祈祷) is that all of them as small, "he guessed from these places to be.
Given the fact that there are difficulties in applying to the same one, then two Southern buyeojok satisfaction (南方 蛮族) disease, in addition to the military as Usedom that prayer might have applied to the same charmed the liquidity of the raw sentiment (类 同性) can abstract from.
Asian culture and origin of this phenomenon is thought to be the Holy Ghost to know the Babylonians (星辰) as a service to predict the spread of the epidemic to the form of astrology and similar reasons (思惟 形态) the yejok (濊 族) was suspected to is The prognosis of the disease, occult Usedom (豫 候) that can determine the preventive medical knowledge is an important factor in the gestation doeeoteurira think.
Since ancient times, there has been knowledge of Hygienic. Clean and Geyer (除 秽) the grant of the customs bodies of the venerated burial customs, and white, which changed the clothes are clean, that ｅxpression of Goguryeo (食) and clean like in that theft can even glimpse. This knowledge is negative (不 净) and Oye (污秽) to avoid the most faithful ever (神道 的) will come from faith, I will.
Meanwhile, we in the ancient world's leading liquor (仙道 术) also had a great influence on hygiene. Longevity of fire to burn the drugs could not not save, while requests for long life and yangsaengbeop the course of the relationship between medicine and the natural look that closely doeeoteurira.
Machine building and preventive medical knowledge possessed, even in quantitative methods remains a more specific form. «Samguk» Kii (纪 异) second Cheoyong with drain zeitgeist (处 容 郎 望 海 寺 条) in the yeoksin (疫 神) and Cheoyong relationships with emerging, yeoksin a song and dance as chasing the Cheoyong the shape of the epidemic prevention to stating that there is.
Guiyang epidemic fashion by identifying and trying to solve it, who biological precursor (前兆 学 的) when preventive maintenance for the look, the political reprimand for wrong (谴责), including as an epidemic phenomenon Jai (灾异 现象) is the understanding of the solution or prevention method type definition (刑 政) look after the matter, the sky Comes sacrifice any measures that have been done.
On the other hand, during this period, the number of impacts per Taoist medicine only (丹) to make the development of Taoist alchemy of medicine degrees (导引) · Massage (按摩) · Early (调 气) as curing method and bangjungsul (房 中 术) was introduced as.
Preventive Medicine in the sky, doing sacrifices, seonangje, narye (傩 礼)-based quantitative methods, such as the harvest and bury dead bodies of plague that spread blocking was performed by the government.
Mr. bangsang (方相 氏) wearing a mask of how to prevent the ghost (narye) and peach blossom branches and how to prevent the yeokgwi watch night (除夕: New Year's Eve), the day was done statically. This ceremony, as well as the royal silk done throughout our country, and also went on to Joseon.
Yeokgwi based on quantitative methods to cast dignity and the spirit of the power of the seonangsin borrow or even bulryeok (佛力) Looking forward to «banyagyeong 般若 经» read, and were even.
A pluralistic society, this time in history is a mixture of oil, fire, other than to reflect the shaman line, yin and yang, feng shui ideas, chamwi all to have been mobilized to prevent an epidemic.
Prevention methods in the mountains and rivers of the Joseon Dynasty in the sacrifice, seonangje, narye, Dodge deliverance (桃 枝 逐 鬼) were prevalent, such as how, when I heard a pandemic or regular Empress (疠 祭) that served as the. «War hoetong» According to the empress as an annual event in Seoul bukgyo (北郊) in the serenity on July 15, Dano and regulations that had been doing.
However, in the Joseon Dynasty of preventive medicine is important to avoid the plague «wall onbang 辟 瘟 方» published several times over the walls and private onbeop (民间 辟 瘟 法) that this development will
«Wall onbang» the 1518 (jungjong 13) gimanguk (金安国) of the «eonhae wall onbang 谚 解 辟 瘟 方», led by 1525 to the sokbyeok onbang known gimsunmong (金 顺 蒙) of the «simple wall onbang 简易 辟 瘟 方» , in 1544 by gimanguk «cardia plague the free 分 门 瘟疫 易 解 方» This was published.
Following ringer when the «jaundice, malaria treatment room 黄疸 疟疾 治疗 方» and «dalhak two free 疸 疟 易 解 方» or has been gwanghaegun when «Ambrosia wall onbang 新 纂 辟 瘟 方» and «byeokyeok breeding shed 辟 疫 神 方» two Huh (许 浚), cold (撰) came to me, 1653 (hyojong 4) the angyeongchang (安景昌) the «byeokon breeding shed 辟 瘟 新 方» to, built it in 1660 (King Hyeonjong 1) and 1727 (Yeongjo 3) was in the middle.
Among private wall each month. Joseon onbeop there were the following three wind. "Napwol the New Year (腊月 鼠) If you get to the shelter in the morning jeongcho prevent epidemics. And one light motor ipchun (庚子 日) warm no cheongjeup (芜菁 汁) for the whole family to eat Station (时 疫) can rule over. on May 5, creating the appearance of a person straight when laid over the door to prevent the plague. The course of June (行 路) and spring water flowing in the shade do not eat. Get ague eat. Do not eat the ginger in September. Eat the life is shortened. If you freeze the ice in November comrades to plague abound. For each five days after the winter solstice byeolchim (别 寝) Be. Old public seed (共 工 氏) was a foolish son died in dongjitnal was yeokgwi. The two yeokgwi jeokdu (赤豆) so afraid of me and ssueo patjuk eat. In December jeopi (楮 皮: mulberry bark) off the mulberry branches intertwined prevent the plague if thrown into the well. New Year's Eve (除 夜) torticollis (四 更) in about soon (麻子: hemp seed) and jeoksodu (赤小豆) every 14 Lip (粒) hair of the family and the well put together jongse (终岁) ever limit (伤寒) or to plague It does not take "and the like.
General hongman line the walls onbeop «Forest Economics 山林 经济» chaerok is well. Mainly the New Testament (神 药) of the paeyong (佩 用), and information about things taking is
For example, "seokunghwang (石 雄黄) does not close the garage danimyeon ghost" or "kind taeeul Jinshan (太乙 流 金 散) put it in a pocket on the chest in the garage munwi dumyeo walk, and a bit of blue cloth wrapped up in the yard to burn physical plague strikes "are the details.
Walnut chilmul won (七 物 虎 豆 元) nogun am new specialties (老君 神明 散) · sohaphyang won (苏 合 香 元) · also noise (屠 苏 飮) as it is both. Western prevented the virtue-smooth when Jeong (丁 若 镛) and bakjega (朴 齐家) by the smallpox for the iron law (人 痘 法) the first and at that time the Western Learning (西学) rejection of the political and social climate, because the universal is not did not. Jeong is also true of the cowpox law.
From Japan, the law was not until the opening of vaccinia educated jiseokyoung (池 锡 永) was to be performed by a full-scale, and this was possible due to smallpox. Jiseokyoung procedure to strengthening the hand of the vaccinia law in 1885 «vaccinia new 牛痘 新 说» built to work in theorizing took the lead.
Environmental sanitation projects gaehwasa shopping and reformers was gimokgyun (金玉 均) · bakyounghyo (朴 泳 孝) by 1882 introduced, in 1883, perspiration from the moment was performed the gaehwapa complaint to show we placed Renminbi forces, because in three months short-lived and died.
Gimokgyun 1882 <Chitose yakron 治道 略论> writing the article and environmental hygiene to prevent infectious diseases as a business, as well as the portions of roads and repair it flow used as fertilizer to increase agricultural productivity, who has taken the dramatic theory.
Jongdubeop and environmental sanitation projects in 1894, including the prevention of business gapoh enteral, 1895 at eulmi control reform been accepted as a new form of reorganization prevention programs have been institutionalized.
Sanitation and hygiene and put inside uimugwa be divided into those that will not. Health was in charge of the technical aspects of the health services, the actual enforcement gyeongmugwa (警务 课) was made in the form of dualistic.
Since April 1895 for its implementation in the Ordinance (内部 令) 4 arcs <hoyeolja disinfection rule> and the firing continued <hoyeolja prevention and检疫 停船 规则> etc. was promulgated and implemented.
However, as the prevention of Japanese strength in office was also dedicated by them, they introduced new things in terms of technical execution, but the unauthorized ever (武断 的), respectively.
The prevention of Japanese business sector water management, food and the utensils dubbing (用具 取缔), five offerings (污秽 物) cleaning, cemetery, crematorium, and plum Chapter (埋 火场), epidemic prevention, haehang quarantine, epidemics won (传染病院), vaccination for smallpox, endemic, livestock disease prevention is of such information. 'm Saying that enforcement of the non-system of health services, co-gyeongmu gyeongmuguk chonggambu (警务 总监 部) was dedicated.
Here is how to manage the main epidemic unauthorized to isolate the sick was to hunt, how to avoid that the Koreans were causing a lot of resentment aroused. Infectious diseases can be managed by the Japanese occupation in the mortality rate fell was a master of this sacrifice.
Today, pest control, sanitation, pollution prevention, maternal and child health, including comprehensive legislation such as the office is being conducted. <Food Sanitation> was enacted in 1962, <Pollution Prevention> in 1971, <Environment Conservation Act> · <Marine Pollution Prevention> This was enacted in 1977, <epidemic prevention> this several times since it was enacted in 1954 was revised, <hat and Health> enacted in 1973, was promulgated.
References
"South Korea Medical History (韩国 医学 史)" (gimdujong, exploration party, 1966)
"Plague of the Joseon Dynasty (疫病) involved in plague tube (疫病 观) and Bernie measures (救 疗 施 策) Study on" (marginal returns, Seoul National University, Ph.D. Dissertation, 1984)
"Japan's health care policy and research on the health of Americans" (Shin, Dong - Won, Seoul National University, MS Thesis, 1986)
[Naver Knowledge Encyclopedia] preventive medicine [豫 防 医学] (South Korea daebaekgwa national culture, the Academy of Korean Studies)
-
